Category 03

Washers &
Load
Distribution

The silent force multipliers of any bolted joint. Eight washer types covering load distribution, spring preloading, vibration resistance and structural HSFG grades — each doing a specific job that a bolt alone cannot.

Size Range
M4 — M48
Material
MS · SS · Spring Steel
Standards
IS · DIN · ISO
Products
8 Types
01
WSH-001

Plain Flat
Washers

Size RangeM1.6 to M36
StandardDIN 125 · IS 2016
MaterialMS · SS 304 · SS 316 · HT 200HV · HT 300HV · Brass · Nylon
FinishPlain · BZP · HDG · Passivated
MSSS 304SS 316HT 200HVBrassNylon
Plain flat washer — DIN 125 / IS 2016
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02
WSH-002

Spring Washers
(Split Lock)

Size RangeM2 to M36 (stock) · M42–M100 on order
StandardDIN 127B
MaterialSpring Steel · SS 304 · EN 42J
FinishBZP · YZP · Self-Passivated (SS)
Spring SteelSS 304EN 42J
Spring washer — DIN 127B split lock washer
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03
WSH-003

Taper Washers

A wedge-shaped washer with a bevelled face angle (typically 8° or 14°) that compensates for the non-parallel flanges of structural steel sections — I-beams, channels and RSJ sections all have tapered flanges that would cause uneven bolt clamping without taper washers. Essential in pre-engineered building (PEB) and steel portal frame connections where bolts pass through sloped flanges. Two taper washers back-to-back can compensate for any angular offset.

Common Applications
PEB ConnectionsI-Beam FlangesChannel SectionsPortal Frame JointsRSJ Column BasesCrane Girders
Size RangeM12 to M36
Taper Angle8° (for channels) · 14° (for I-beams)
StandardIS 5372 · BS 4320 Form E/F · DIN 434/435
MaterialMS (Carbon Steel)
FinishPlain · HDG (for outdoor structures)
MSHDG14°
8° / 14° Tapered beam flange Taper Washer — Cross Section DIN 434 / 435
04
WSH-004

Belleville
Disc Springs

Conical disc spring washers (Belleville washers) that store and release axial energy, maintaining bolt preload under thermal cycling, vibration and joint relaxation. Unlike flat washers, a Belleville washer is not flat — its conical shape provides spring force that continuously presses the fastener into the joint. Can be stacked in series (more travel) or parallel (more load) to tune the spring characteristic for the specific application.

Common Applications
Turbine FastenersThermal Cycling JointsValve StemsBearing PreloadPrecision Instruments
Size RangeM6 to M36
StandardDIN 2093 · ISO 26209
Material51CrV4 Spring Steel · SS 301
Series / ParallelStackable — tunable spring rate
FinishShot peened · Phosphate · Uncoated
51CrV4SS 301
h0 Stacked series — increased travel Belleville Disc Spring — Section DIN 2093
05
WSH-005

HSFG Load
Indicating Washers

Direct Tension Indicator (DTI) washers. The bearing face has a series of raised protrusions that progressively flatten as the bolt is tightened. When the gap between the washer and bolt head/nut bearing face is reduced to a specified value (typically 0.4mm), the minimum required bolt tension has been achieved. This eliminates guesswork and torque wrench calibration errors in structural bolting — the washer itself confirms adequate tension. Specified by IS 3757 for High Strength Friction Grip (HSFG) bolting.

Common Applications
HSFG Structural BoltingSteel Bridge ConnectionsPre-loaded JointsPEB High-Load Joints
Size RangeM16 to M36 (for HSFG bolt diameters)
StandardBS 7644 · ASTM F959 · IS 3757
MaterialMedium Carbon Steel
Indicator Gap0.4mm refusal gap = minimum tension achieved
GradeF (medium) · P (higher proof load)
Grade FGrade P
BEFORE AFTER Gap visible Gap ≤0.4mm ✓ Protrusions flatten as minimum tension is reached DTI Washer — Before & After BS 7644 · IS 3757
Additional Types

More washer types
in our range.

WSH-006
Wave Washers

Undulating spring element for axial clearance compensation and low-force preloading in bearings and housings.

WSH-007
Star / Tooth Washers

Internal and external serrations bite into surface for locking and electrical grounding contact in electronics and enclosures.

WSH-008
Wedge Lock Washers

Paired cam washers that increase tension when back-rotated. Superior vibration resistance — railway and wind energy.

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